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IDCases 2019Infection to the meningeal layer causing meningitis is one of the most feared complications of spinal anaesthesia. Anaesthetists will avoid spinal anaesthesia for those...
Infection to the meningeal layer causing meningitis is one of the most feared complications of spinal anaesthesia. Anaesthetists will avoid spinal anaesthesia for those who are having skin infection at the puncture site. However in obstetric population, anaesthetist will try their best to avoid general anaesthesia due to its unwanted effects and complications. Strict and appropriate antiseptic measures such as chlorhexidine 0.5% with 70% alcohol has been suggested to reduce risk of transmission of microorganisms into subarachnoid space. We reported a parturient who had generalized tinea versicolor at the lumbar area, safely anaesthetized under spinal anaesthesia through meticulous antiseptic skin preparation who required delivery by caesarean section.
PubMed: 31024798
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00520 -
American Family Physician Jan 2009Common causes of hyperpigmentation include postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café-au-lait macules. Although most...
Common causes of hyperpigmentation include postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café-au-lait macules. Although most hyperpigmented lesions are benign and the diagnosis is straightforward, it is important to exclude melanoma and its precursors and to identify skin manifestations of systemic disease. Treatment options for postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, and ephelides include the use of topical agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy, or laser therapy. Caf&-au-lait macules are amenable to surgical excision or laser treatment. Disorders of hypopigmentation may also pose diagnostic challenges, although those associated with health risks are uncommon and are usually congenital (e.g., albinism, piebaldism, tuberous sclerosis, hypomelanosis of Ito). Acquired disorders may include vitiligo, pityriasis alba, tinea versicolor, and postinflammatory hypopigmentation. Treatment of patients with widespread or generalized vitiligo may include cosmetic coverage, psoralen ultraviolet A-range therapy (with or without psoralens), or narrow-band ultraviolet-B therapy; whereas those with stable, limited disease may be candidates for surgical grafting techniques. Patients with extensive disease may be candidates for depigmentation therapy. Other acquired disorders may improve or resolve with treatment of the underlying condition.
Topics: Cafe-au-Lait Spots; Humans; Inflammation; Melanosis; Pigmentation Disorders; Vitiligo
PubMed: 19178061
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Sep 1973In the superficial fungal infections, the skin and its appendages are solely or predominantly involved, and each pathogenic fungus produces a more or less distinctive...
In the superficial fungal infections, the skin and its appendages are solely or predominantly involved, and each pathogenic fungus produces a more or less distinctive clinical pattern.In Canada the most common superficial mycoses are dermatophytosis or ringworm, tinea versicolor, and moniliasis. In the article, varieties of each type are classified according to their dermatological locality; the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of each variety are discussed.
PubMed: 20468975
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Academy of... Aug 1991Age of the patient, climate, season, and local environmental factors influence the onset and course of tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor). A number of effective... (Review)
Review
Age of the patient, climate, season, and local environmental factors influence the onset and course of tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor). A number of effective topical therapies are available. In addition, a single dose of 400 mg of oral ketoconazole eliminates the disease and can be used prophylactically in some cases to prevent recurrence.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Recurrence; Terminology as Topic; Tinea Versicolor
PubMed: 1918469
DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(91)70198-b -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Jul 2014Tinea versicolor (TV) is a common cutaneous fungal infection characterized by superficial scaling and a mild disturbance of skin pigmentation. It typically affects the...
Tinea versicolor (TV) is a common cutaneous fungal infection characterized by superficial scaling and a mild disturbance of skin pigmentation. It typically affects the chest, upper back, and shoulders. However, involvement of more unusual regions of the body such as the face and scalp, arms and legs, intertriginous sites, genitalia, areolae, and palms and soles has been reported. This report details two such cases observed at our institution: a 32-year-old woman with involvement of the popliteal fossa and a 16-year-old boy with involvement of the groin. The clinician must be aware of these variations in location and perform the appropriate diagnostic workup when lesions have the characteristic morphology of TV despite an unusual location. The etiology, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of TV are reviewed and current literature describing other instances of TV in uncommon locations is discussed.
PubMed: 25126470
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0403a21 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Aug 1991The most common disorders of hypopigmentation in children are pityriasis alba, vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, and tinea versicolor. Pityriasis alba usually presents as... (Review)
Review
The most common disorders of hypopigmentation in children are pityriasis alba, vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, and tinea versicolor. Pityriasis alba usually presents as ill defined, scaly patches of hypomelanosis on the cheeks of children with an atopic diathesis. The face is also a favored site for vitiligo, but the distribution is periorificial, and the pigment loss is complete because of a destruction of melanocytes. Vitiligo is an acquired, progressive disorder in contrast to nevus depigmentosus, which is a stable, congenital leukoderma. The localized form of nevus depigmentosus must be distinguished from an ash leaf spot, the earliest cutaneous manifestation of tuberous sclerosis, whereas the systematized form may be confused with hypomelanosis of Ito, another neurocutaneous disorder. The lesions of tinea versicolor favor the upper trunk of adolescents, and potassium hydroxide examination of the associated scale reveals hyphal and yeast forms of P. orbiculare. Any inflammatory process in the skin such as dermatitis or psoriasis can resolve with areas of hypopigmentation.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Nevus; Pigmentation Disorders; Pityriasis; Skin Neoplasms; Tinea Versicolor; Tuberous Sclerosis
PubMed: 1870914
DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38164-0 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2017Occupational and recreational aquatic activity predisposes our population to a wide variety of dermatoses. Sunburn, urticaria, jellyfish stings, and contact dermatitis...
Occupational and recreational aquatic activity predisposes our population to a wide variety of dermatoses. Sunburn, urticaria, jellyfish stings, and contact dermatitis to rubber equipment are common allergies that are encountered in the aquatic environment. Among the infections, tinea versicolor, intertrigo, and verruca vulgaris are widespread. Swimmer's itch may occur due to skin penetration by schistosome cercariae, while free-floating nematocysts of marine coelenterates may precipitate seabather's eruption. "Suit squeeze" due to cutaneous barotrauma and lymphoedematous peau d'orange due to decompression are rare, described entities. This review serves as a ready reckoner for Indian dermatologists and medical practitioners to identify and manage these conditions.
PubMed: 28216728
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.198052 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Jan 2015Internationally approved guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Malassezia-related skin diseases are lacking. Therefore, a panel of experts consisting of... (Review)
Review
Internationally approved guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Malassezia-related skin diseases are lacking. Therefore, a panel of experts consisting of dermatologists and a microbiologist under the auspices of the Danish Society of Dermatology undertook a data review and compiled guidelines for the diagnostic procedures and management of pityriasis versicolor, seborrhoeic dermatitis and Malassezia folliculitis. Main recommendations in most cases of pityriasis versicolor and seborrhoeic dermatitis include topical treatment which has been shown to be sufficient. As first choice, treatment should be based on topical antifungal medication. A short course of topical corticosteroid or topical calcineurin inhibitors has an anti-inflammatory effect in seborrhoeic dermatitis. Systemic antifungal therapy may be indicated for widespread lesions or lesions refractory to topical treatment. Maintenance therapy is often necessary to prevent relapses. In the treatment of Malassezia folliculitis systemic antifungal treatment is probably more effective than topical treatment but a combination may be favourable.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Dermatology; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Folliculitis; Humans; Malassezia; Time Factors; Tinea Versicolor; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24556907
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-1825 -
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in... Aug 2014Several human skin diseases and disorders are associated with two groups of fungi, the dermatophytes and Malassezia. Although these skin-related problems are not... (Review)
Review
Several human skin diseases and disorders are associated with two groups of fungi, the dermatophytes and Malassezia. Although these skin-related problems are not generally life threatening, they are among the most common diseases and disorders of mankind. These fungi are phylogenetically divergent, with the dermatophytes within the Ascomycota and Malassezia within Basidiomycota. Genome analysis indicates that the adaptations to the skin environment are different in these two groups of fungi. Malassezia are dependent on host lipids and secrete lipases and phospholipases that likely release host fatty acids. The dermatophytes encode multiple enzymes with potential roles in modulating host interactions: polyketide synthases, nonribosomal peptide synthetases, LysM, proteases, kinases, and pseudokinases. These two fungal groups have maximized their interactions with the host using two very different mechanisms.
Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Dandruff; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Dermatomycoses; Genome, Fungal; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Malassezia; Microbiota; Phylogeny; Skin; Tinea Versicolor
PubMed: 25085959
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019802 -
Cureus Jun 2023Tinea versicolor (TV) is a superficial fungal disease caused by Malassezia furfur, most commonly affecting adolescents and adults. TV is uncommon among newborns,...
Tinea versicolor (TV) is a superficial fungal disease caused by Malassezia furfur, most commonly affecting adolescents and adults. TV is uncommon among newborns, particularly those aged under one year. Poor hygiene and perspiration, immunosuppression, the use of oils and greasy lotions, hyperhidrosis, and corticosteroids may all contribute to the appearance of the condition. It is clinically distinguished by hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation. Most often, it occurs over the trunk. Treatment for TV usually begins with the use of a topical antifungal. This case report presents a rare TV in a three-month-old boy who exhibited multiple hypopigmented macules on his trunk without pruritus. Examination of the wood lamp showed bright yellow fluorescent lesions. The potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation revealed yeast and short mycelial forms, confirming the diagnosis of TV. The baby was given a clotrimazole solution for topical use twice a day. KOH preparation was negative, and the lesions had improved at the time of the two-month follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering TV as a potential diagnosis in infants with atypical skin manifestations, although it is more commonly seen in older individuals.
PubMed: 37485124
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40763